Correlación en el diagnóstico de helicobacter pylori mediante técnicas cuali-cuantitativas y microbiológicas en el bachillerato de la Unidad Educativa “Tomás Oleas” del Cantón Colta

Abstract

The aim of this work was to correlate the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori by means of quali-quantitative and microbiological techniques in the upper secondary education level of Unidad Educativa "Tomás Oleas" in Colta canton, during April - September 2022, to this purpose a non-experimental, observational, descriptive, cross-sectional and analytical design was used. The study was socialized to all the students of the educational institution and they were invited to participate in it, subsequently an informed consent/assent and a survey that would reveal the risk factors involved with the bacteria were given. For diagnostic purposes, 166 blood serum samples were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and 166 stool samples by rapid stool antigen tests and stool culture. The results obtained were tabulated in Excel in order to get a descriptive statistical analysis; the number of students who participated were 83 women and 83 men, in whom an incidence of Helicobacter pylori infection of 91% was evidenced. The factors associated with Helicobacter pylori were: drinking water supply (93.37%), middle class (79.52%), overpopulation (75.90%), poor food hygiene (65.67%), rural residence (64.4%), away‐from‐home food intake (55.42%) and poor hand washing practices (46.39%). The study concluded the existence of Helicobacter pylori in the majority of upper secondary students, considering that this bacterium is highly worrisome and a major health problem, and also emphasized the close relationship between risk factors and the bacterium. It was recommended a further study in the Unidad Educativa "Tomás Oleas" in order to determine the prevalence of the bacterium in upper secondary students and, if possible, in the entire institution.