Determinación de la calidad del agua de consumo de la zona norte de las comunidades: Jatari campesino, Nitiluisa, San Vicente de Luisa y San José de Gaushi de la parroquia Calpi provincia de Chimborazo

Abstract

The quality of drinking water in the northern zone of the communities of Jatari Campesino, Nitiluisa, San Vicente de Luisa and San José de Gaushi in the parish of Calpi, province of Chimborazo, was determined at different points randomly selected around the springs and the homes of the communities in the Technical Analysis Laboratory of the Faculty of Sciences of the "Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo" according to NTE INEN 1108 Standard: 2006, using standardized methods such as Standard Methods for examination of water and wastewater, Hach method and membrane filtration. It was demonstrated that in all the communities the water for consumption in terms of physicochemical quality parameters complies with the maximum limits allowed by the Standard except for phosphates with values of 0.83; 0.79; 0.75 and 0.74 mg/l respectively; in terms of microbiological parameters there is a growth of total coliforms with values of 54 CFU/100mL for Jatari Campesino and 56 CFU/100 mL for Nitiluisa. After performing treatability tests for the removal of phosphates, it was determined that treatment 5 was the most appropriate, since through the aeration process an average removal rate of 47.27% was obtained, meeting the requirements of the Standard for phosphates, being efficient and economical for the communities, since its value was close to the treatment with the highest removal rate. As for the elimination of total coliforms, a disinfection process with 6% sodium hypochlorite at a dosage of 0.10 mL/L was chosen for Jatari Campesino and Nitiluisa, which resulted in the absence of total coliforms. The approved treatability proposal was for an aeration tower with an activated carbon filter bed, this tower should be placed approximately 20 meters from the distribution tanks of each community.