Síntesis y caracterización de un bioplástico elaborado a partir de cáscara de papaya (Carica papaya maradol roja) y maíz (Zea mays)

Abstract

The objective of this study was to increase a biodegradable film of papaya (Carica papaya red maradol red) and corn (Zea mays) peel for food wrapping based on the physical, chemical and microbial domain, chemical and microbial domain of the raw materials and then proceed to the extraction of starches according to the instructions of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) using a 2k experimental design (with speed and time as variables, 4 treatments were acquired and each treatment was replicated 4 times), 375 mL of water was applied per sample to determine the optimum yield and then for this according to the INEN 1456 standard. The standards were carefully analyzed and then four treatments were used to obtain bioplastics, processing treatments, each treatment to acquire different concentrations of starch for papaya (3.5 % to 4 %) and plasticizers (2 % to 3 %), for corn (3 % to 3.5 %) and plasticizers (2 % to 3 %), at constant concentration, temperature and time of vinegar and water, followed by sensory tests for the formation of biofilms in all treatments performed, determined some observations of the most notorious TP2 and TM2, biodegradable plastic sheets by contact sticking, TP3 tends to bend after finishing drying, in addition to tests such as humidity, depending on the conditions TP2, TM2, TP4, TM4 (25.18%; 21.93%; 26.23%; 28.50%), while the solubility of TP3 is 59.304 and TM2 39.92%. Two samples were mechanically tested and the benefit was TP1 2.06. E+01 MPa, modulus of elasticity and TM2 1.83. E+01 MPa. Using aerobic media, the biofilms decompose in approximately 42 days.