Simulación del proceso de destilado en múltiples etapas y ósmosis inversa para la desalinización y purificación del agua del río Peripa provincia de Santo Domingo

Abstract

The simulation project of the multi-stage distillation process provides an important tool for the control of the water body, since the lack of treatment of wastewater produced by domestic and industrial activities is disposed in a majority percentage to rivers, tributaries, and lakes, aggravating the environmental problems due to anthropogenic influence. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to simulate a multi-stage distillation and reverse osmosis process for the desalination and purification of water from the Peripa River using specialized software. The methodology implemented started by using the initial physical-chemical characterization of the river water where the data was obtained from the information provided by the Decentralized Autonomous Government of Puerto Limón and compared with the standard in which it was evidenced that the water contains residual chlorine and total petroleum hydrocarbons outside the corresponding limits allowed for water bodies so the problem was identified; for the simulation is important to define the initial operating conditions such as pressure of 2 atmosphere, temperature of 30ºC and feed ratio of 1:1; where the equipment immersed in the desalination process with three distillation stages and one reverse osmosis stage was used. With this methodology, it was observed that the concentration of residual chlorine and n-hexane contaminants are below the permissible values of 0.5 milligrams of contaminant per liter of fresh water. In this context, it was concluded that the multi-stage distillation and reverse osmosis process could achieve 99.99% removal of residual free chlorine and n-hexane expressed as total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) present in the water of the Peripa River. It is recommended to perform the physicochemical analysis of the water in a period of 6 months to determine the values of the pollutants.