Efecto del agente estructurante (PODA) en el proceso de compostaje de residuos orgánicos del mercado mayorista San Pedro de Riobamba

Abstract

This Curricular Integration Project was carried out at the San Jerónimo de Por1ón Sanitary Landfill, located 10 km from Riobamba. The aim of the research was to establish the effect of the structuring agent on organic waste from the San Pedro de Riobamba Mayorista market, in order to obtain a compost of acceptable quality and use it as an organic soil amendment for any type of crops. The market waste was selectively collected and mixed with pruning, in different proportions. The composting system was by assembling piles in the open air and with automatic turning. Three piles with different carbon/nitrogen ratios were formed: Pile 1: 8800 Kg of market waste + 1800 Kg of pruning market waste + 1800 Kg of pruning (3:1), Pile 2: 8000 Kg of market waste + 1300 Kg of pruning (6:1) and Pile 3: 3600 Kg of market waste + 400 Kg of pruning (9:1). The temperature was controlled three times a week, reaching 65 °C. Humidity was maintained between 60% - 70%. Before each turning, samples were collected by the quartering method. The samples, previously dried and ground, were analyzed in the laboratories of the Faculty of Science and the results were reported on a dry basis. The results were reported on a dry basis. The organic matter values were: Pile 1: 32.33%; Pile 2: 34.01% and P3: 44.21%. and P3:44.21%. Macronutrient values: nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, in all cases, exceeded 1%. The germination index was: for PI: 88.22%; P2: 90.66% and P3: 91.18%, which is an indication of low toxicity. This is an indicative of low toxicity; therefore, it is recommended that this fertilizer be used directly as a soil amendment and even as a soil amendment directly as a soil amendment and even as raw material for other types of fertilizers.