Relación entre ingesta de proteína de alto valor biológico y prevalencia de Sarcopenia en adultos mayores de un centro geriátrico de la provincia de Chimborazo 2022

Abstract

The objective of the research work was to know the relationship between the intake of protein of high biological value and the prevalence of sarcopenia in older adults in a geriatric center in the province of Chimborazo 2022. The methodology was based on a quantitative approach, with a non-experimental design and cross-sectional with a sample of 52 older adults. Sociodemographic data were considered. Their nutritional status was evaluated by taking anthropometric measurements. In order to assess the presence of sarcopenia, values of calf circumference, fist strength, and gait speed test were used. The diagnosis was done using criteria of the algorithm of the European working group on sarcopenia in elderly people 2. In addition, the intake of protein of high biological value was obtained with the help of a 24-hour reminder. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and relationship analysis applying the Chi square test. It is concluded that the average age was 80.4 years, 65.5% were women, 92.3% belonged to the daytime modality, and 51.9% had incomplete primary education; 57.7% had a normal nutritional status and 42.3% had malnutrition, 38.5% were diagnosed with muscle mass depletion, 78.8% with decreased strength, and 71.2% with fragility; The protein adequacy index reflected a deficient intake in 78.8% of them, but in 76.6% the consumption of protein of high biological value predominates. From this percentage, 46.2% consumed protein in excess. There was no evidence of sarcopenic obesity. However, 78.8% presented some degree of sarcopenia, females predominate with this. In conclusion, no significant relationship was found between the intake of protein of high biological value and the prevalence of sarcopenia in older adults (p=0.489); however, statistically significant differences were found between the intake of total protein and sarcopenia (p=0.049).