Evaluación, Caracterización y Aprovechamiento del Hongo Lentinula edodes “Shiitake” para la Disposición Final del Residuo de la Industria Maderera en la Provincia de Chimborazo

Abstract

The evaluation and characterization of the growth of the fungus L. edodes "Shiitake" for the use of the different residues of the wood industry in the province of Chimborazo, was carried out in the area of ​​research and development of the Faculty of Sciences at the Higher Polytechnic School. of Chimborazo. Deductive and experimental methods were applied and, through the results obtained by the laboratories (CESTTA and INIAP), projections were made based on time, to demonstrate the use of wood residue and the consequent degradation of the substrates Eucalyptus, Laurel, Pine, Chuncho and Chanul inoculated with L. edodes. The results of the proximal analysis, total minerals, digestibility and amino acids, were: Moisture 86.27%, Ash 5.97%, Ethereal Extract 1.82%, Protein 21.28%, Fiber 21.76%, Nitrogen Free Extract 49 0.17%, Calcium 0.02%, Phosphorus 0.05%, Magnesium 0.14%, Potassium 2.97%, Sodium 0.11%, Copper 8 ppm, Iron 20 ppm, Manganese 19 ppm, Zinc 6 ppm, Digestibility 69.72%, Aspartic Acid 2.70%, Threonine 1.19%, Serine 1.40%, Glutamic Acid 7.06%, Proline 0.64%, Glycine 1.57%, Alanine 1.60%, Valine 1.28%, Methionine 0.23%, Isoleucine 0.88%, Leucine 1.83%, Phenylalanine 1.10%, Histidine 0.77% and Lysine 1.27%. The conclusion of the Van Soest analysis, determined before and after the use of the substrates, the percentage of average degradation through the cultivation of L. edodes in Neutral Detergent Fiber 2.8%, Acid Detergent Fiber 6.47% and Lignin 3, 3. 4%. This research demonstrates the bioremedial efficiency of the fungus; We therefore recommend inoculating the residues of the logging activity with L. edodes and thus, we will be able to reduce contamination, generating a social, economic, tourist and environmental benefit.