Características perinatales y su relación con el estado nutricional en niños menores de 2 años que asisten al Hospital Maternidad de Babahoyo, Los Ríos, periodo julio 2020, julio 2021.

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to determine the relationship between the maternal perinatal characteristics and the nutritional status of children under 2 years of age who attended the Babahoyo Maternity Hospital. For this purpose, an observational, transversal and retrospective investigation were carried out from the available data of a sample of 196 mothers with their corresponding children. The maternal perinatal characteristics identified were intergenic period, prenatal check-ups, body mass index (BMI), weight gain, type of delivery; while the characteristics of the newborns were gender, gestational age, weight, length or height and head circumference. The results showed that mothers had an average age of 25.49 ± 5.8 years, about 80% were Young adults, 54.1% of the mothers were primigravida, almost 87.7% of them had a long intergenic period, two of every three mothers had inadequate prenatal controls, the BMI average at the beginning of the pregnancy was 26.66 ± 5.10 kg/m2 , most of them had overweight or normal weight; the average weight gain during pregnancy was 10.11 ± 4.82 kg. Approximately four out of five neonates were born by cesarean section, 53.6% were men, 98.5% were born at term, the average born weight was 3.08 ± 0.405 kg, being a normal weight, the mean height was 50.22 ± 1.5 cm, almost three out of five children had a normal head circumference. A weak positive correlation was found between maternal BMI and newborn weight, height and head circumference, which were expressed as simple linear regression models. As an information resource and with the aim of promoting comprehensive maternal and child care, it is highly advised to elaborate a nutritional guide for pregnant women who attend the Babahoyo Maternity Hospital.