Evaluación de lesiones del maniquí híbrido III de 6 años durante impacto frontal del minibús escolar para verificar el cumplimiento de los criterios de aceptación según CEPE 94 y EURONCAP.

Abstract

The objective was to evaluate the injuries of the 6-year-old hybrid III dummy during thefrontal impact of the school minibus to verify compliance with the acceptance criteria according to CEPE R94 and EURO NCAP using the finite element method for which the body of the school minibus, seat structure and sponges were modeled. In the development of the research, bibliographic, experimental, descriptive and explanatory methods were used to diagnose the current situation of the bodywork, materials used in the manufacture, design standards and all the necessary characteristics to verify the behavior of the dummy and the injuries that occur in the frontal impact of the minibus at different speeds and when the dummy does not use the seat belt and when it uses it, after the simulation it was verified, that the head of dummy 1, with seat belt and at a speed of 56 km/h has a head injury criterion (HIC) of 7215 G's, this due to cervical whiplash, the thoracic severity index has a Csi of 98. 72 G's, which is evidence of concussion and damage to ribs or internal organs of the rib cage. Finally, the injury index of the dummy's femur is less than 7.5 KN, demonstrating that the injuries are mild and do not cause severe damage. The hypothesis was tested because the finite element method was used to evaluate each of the injuries present on the dummy. Finally, based on the results obtained, it is recommended for future work to perform frontal impact tests with the 5-point belt, and to use a pretensioner like the one used in vehicles for 3-point belts.