Análisis de los factores predisponentes a la desnutrición en menores de 2 años de madres adolescentes atendidas en el Centro de Salud Nuevo Quinindé Provincia de Esmeraldas, 2021.

Abstract

The objective was to analyze the predisposing factors to malnutrition in children under 2 years of age.adolescent mothers at the Nuevo Quinindé Health Center in the Province of Esmeraldas, 2021. The study is a quantitative descriptive type, under a cross-sectional field design. The sample was made up of 200 children of adolescent mothers from 0 to 2 years of age (68% men and 32% women), the age group with the highest concentration is 0 to 6 months with 31.5%. It has been made anthropometric evaluation of children using weight/height indicators (acute malnutrition), height//age (chronic malnutrition), weight//age (global malnutrition) and mass index body//age and mothers with body mass index//age (underweight, normal, overweight and obesity). The study population had 62.5% chronic malnutrition, 15% global malnutrition, 3% acute malnutrition, in the nutritional assessment of adolescent mothers 62% normal weight, 27% overweight and 11% obese. The statistical relationship of variables determined that ethnicity, level socioeconomic level, level of education, activity of the mother, activity of the head of the household, type of housing, access to technology and consumer habits; are factors that are related to the malnutrition of children according to the statistically significant results (p< 0.05). Through the Cramer's V coefficient was determined that access to technology 0.780 and socioeconomic level 0.503 are the most predisposing factors related with greater intensity to malnutrition in the study population. The statistical calculation of frequencies showed that the levels Low, very low socioeconomic groups, the largest number of children with malnutrition are concentrated in regarding the sample studied. It is recommended in future research to carry out a prior study of the population to study and include new variables.