Síntesis y caracterización de policloruro de aluminio a partir de aluminio reciclado

Abstract

The present research work aimed to synthesize and characterize aluminum polychloride from recycled aluminum, where, the acid/base solution is the process that was used to obtain PAC. The recycled aluminum was added to the different concentrations of HCl: 2.5, 3.5 and 5.1 M, which was preheated to the temperature of 85 °C in constant magnetic agitation for the respective formation of ions Al+3, later, NaOH was added: 0.25, 0.75 and 1.0 M under controlled conditions to the solution of aluminum chloride, where polymeric species of high ionic charge were obtained. The characterization FT-IR allowed us to observe the different vibrations Al-OH, -OH, and Al-O in the spectra of the ratio of HCl / NaOH, characteristic of polymeric bonds. The SEM-EDS characterization allowed us to determine the quantitative analysis of the elemental percentage of the PAC samples, where the presence of aluminum, oxygen, sodium, and some impurities of alloy 3004 is corroborated. The DRX analytical technique, using the Match software and Rietveld refinement, allowed us to know the degree of crystallinity along with the crystallographic parameters and the different phases of compounds present in the powder samples such as NaCl, AlCl3.6H2O and a compound with thirteen aluminum atoms (Al13Cl15H98O61). It is concluded that the high concentration of HCl allowed to properly dissolve the recycled aluminum, which, by adding a base formed the corresponding polymeric ions. Thus, when performing the different characterizations was evidenced gaining aluminum polychloride presented an effect in the analytical technique FT-IR in samples PAC 1, PAC 5 and PAC 7. For future research, it is recommended to separate the Al13 species from aluminum polychloride by precipitation with sulfate or some other method in order to reduce the amount of salt present in the samples.