Extracción de colorantes de la cáscara de frutos cítricos y aplicación sobre telas de algodón

Abstract

The objective of the research work was to extract natural dyes from citrus fruit peel residues; working with the following: Citrus Reticulata, Citrus Aurantifolia, Citrus Sinensis, and Citrus Meyer Tanaka, for application in cotton fabrics. The peels of the citrus fruits, mentioned before, were collected in different places in the city of Riobamba, to mention: Ceviches Doña Mery, San Alfonso food court, San Pedro Wholesale Market, La Merced. 50 gr of fresh and dried raw material was used; which was placed in the stove (stove-tray dryer FC-LOU-14) for 48 hours at a temperature of 45 ° C, and the grinding was carried out with a thick grid (50mm). Ethanol 96% and methanol 98% were used as solvents for the dye extraction; through a solid-liquid extraction process, the Rotavapor Vacuum Pump V-330 equipment was used. A physicochemical analysis was made, where the total ash content is less than 5%, the possibility that some inorganic adulterant is present; in the yield with ethanol 96% and dry raw material, 66.01% was obtained; characterization by UV-visible spectrophotometry present carotenoid groups and ascorbic acid; aliphatic functional groups are present in IR characterization. In quality tests such as lightfastness, rubbing fastness, and washing fastness, the statistical analysis concludes that the solvent, the shell, and a combination of these, mostly influences the quality tests. It is recommended to use natural dyes instead of synthetic dyes, to reduce pollution due to the waste of citrus fruit peels, generating an ecological benefit.