Relación entre la calidad de dieta y calidad de salud durante el confinamiento por COVID-19, en una muestra de adultos ecuatorianos que viven en zonas urbanas y rurales 2020

Abstract

The objective of this research was to relate the quality of diet and quality of health during confinement by COVID-19. The study was performed to a sample of adults living in urban and rural areas. The methodology applied for the study was of an observational cross-sectional type; the sample of adults was two hundred and forty-one persons from which, one hundred and sixty were women and eighty-one men, aged between 18 and 59 years. To collect the information, three surveys were used: a sociodemographic, Healthy Eating Index (HEI), which was made up of categories: Healthy Foods, Unhealthy Foods and Meals; and SF-12 Health Questionnaire by categories: physical and mental health. The statistical analysis was carried out with the SPSS program. It was observed that the quality of diet for urban and rural areas needed changes with 50.6 % and 24.1% respectively. The quality of health in urban and rural areas had better physical health with 56.4% and 28.2%. In mental health, the urban and rural areas had worse health status with 68% and 16.6%. Young and mature adults had diet quality that needed changes with 67.6% and 7.1%. In physical health, young and mature adults had better health status with 77.2% and 7.5%; the same happened in mental health with 64.3% and 7.5%. It is concluded that urban areas do not have poor diet quality and poor health quality as opposed to rural areas in Ecuadorian adults during COVID-19 confinement.