Relación entre incremento de violencia intrafamiliar a la mujer e inseguridad alimentaria, durante la emergencia sanitaria por Covid-19 en el Ecuador. 2020

Abstract

The objective of the present research is to relate the increase in family violence and food insecurity against women during the public health emergency situation due to the covid-19 pandemic in Ecuador 2020. A cross-sectional and observational design was carried out in a sample of 168 Ecuadorian women (18 -65 years old) who live with their partner or spouse during the health emergency. A survey of three categories was applied: First, sociodemographic data. Second, family violence. In this category, questions from the “national survey on family relations and gender violence against women” (ENVIGMU 2019), and the National Statistics and Census Institute (INEC 2019); (Sie, Sie and Projektmanagement 1999) were applied. Third, questions based on food insecurity from the survey “Household Food Insecurity Access Scale” (HFIAS), (Coates, Swindale and Bilinsky 2000b). Data analysis was performed with the RStudio statistical program applied with descriptive and inferential statistics with the ch2 statistical test for dichotomous qualitative variables and logistic regression for categorical variables and statistical variables to determine statistical significance. As a result of this research, there is a statistically significant association (p-value <0.000) between family violence and food insecurity against women. Related to the risk, the probability of having food insecurity is 13.5 times higher in women who suffer family violence compared to women who do not experience aggression. This research accepts the alternative hypothesis in which family violence against women is related to higher levels of food insecurity during the health emergency. On the other hand, economic income, unemployment, tension, and stress generated by the confinement have been the main consequences. There was no evidence on statistical significance among university and non-university women. Finally, it is recommended to develop a wider study to answer this question.