Efectos de la radiación no ionizante en los grupos funcionales presentes en el óxido de grafeno

Abstract

Interest in graphene oxide reduction techniques has increased due to its fast chemical action and unique properties. However, their practical application is hampered by their high toxicity and the presence of structural defects. This thesis focused on overcoming these limitations by developing safer and structurally improved alternative methods for graphene oxide reduction. The methodology implemented in the research was both qualitative and quantitative. Two experimental models were created: the use of microwaves as a reduction technique, varying the time and power parameters to determine the optimal conditions; and reduction by irradiation with visible UV light, exploring different irradiation times and concentrations of graphene oxide. It was observed that microwaves promoted the decomposition of graphene oxide and the removal of oxidising functional groups, resulting in reduced graphene with fewer structural defects. On the other hand, visible UV light induced electron transfer to the graphene oxide, reducing it and improving its crystalline structure. Both approaches showed promising results in reducing graphene oxide and improving its structure. The results obtained with both methodswere compared and properties such as electrical conductivity, morphology and chemical composition of the resulting reduced graphene were evaluated. These findings indicate that both microwaves and UV visible light are effective, non-toxic,and structurallyfewerdefective methods to reduce graphene oxide. In summary, this research has contributed to the development of new methods of graphene oxide reduction, offering opportunities for practical application in various areas and overcoming the limitations of conventional methods.