Identificación de parásitos gastrointestinales en bovinos en el camal municipal del cantón La Joya de los Sachas.

Abstract

The Municipal slaughterhouse of La Joya de los Sachas receives cattle from different cattle farms for slaughter, but it is not known if they are infested by gastrointestinal parasites (GIP) and which ones they are, since there are no studies or reports on the subject. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify gastrointestinal parasites (GIP) in cattle entering the slaughter center. For this experimental work, a random sampling system was used, where stool samples from 143 cattle of different age, sex and breed were analyzed using the Flotation and McMaster Technique. To organize the data obtained from the laboratory analysis, the Microsoft Excel program was used, as well as descriptive statistics, both measures of central tendency and graphs with histograms of frequencies and percentages. As a result, six nematodes (Cooperia spp, Ostertagia spp, Oesophagostomum spp, Trichostrongylus spp, Haemonchus spp, Toxocara spp), two protozoa (Eimeria spp, Giardia spp), one trematode (Paramphistomum spp) and one cestode (Taenia spp) were identified. An infestation percentage of 77% was reached; this value was evaluated individually for three independent variables: age, sex, and breed. Bovines from 3 to 4 years of age presented greater gastrointestinal parasitosis (79.8%) with respect to the other age ranges, males (84%) prevailed over females and the Brahman breed predominated (84.6%) in relation to the other breeds. It is concluded that further research should be carried out to help identify GIP of any species of zootechnical interest, including new independent variables to evaluate. It is also necessary to train livestock producers on sanitary management techniques, and to train operators and officials of the municipal slaughterhouse on biosecurity norms that will help to avoid contagion with zoonotic parasites.