Generación de superficies de interpolación de la variable precipitación en la provincia de Chimborazo en el periodo (2010-2020).

Abstract

The objective of this research work was to generate interpolation surfaces of the precipitation variable in the province of Chimborazo in the period 2010 -2020. For the interpolation, geostatistical methods were used by collecting data from the National Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology (INAMHI), the Alternative Energies and Environment Group (GEAA), the ESPOCH Agrometeorological Station and data from the weather station of the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock (MAG), obtaining information in 49 meteorological stations for different years. Using primary information, TerraClimate satellite estimation data (ESat) was downloaded for the correlation evaluation, by applying the Pearson and Nash method, with an adequate correlation coefficient, missing data was completed and more points were obtained through the stratified sampling obtaining 229 data in total. Carrying out a previous exploratory data analysis, the Ordinary Kriging (KO) method was used and thus the spatiotemporal variability that defined the behavior throughout the province in different subperiods was analyzed. As a result, a very strong correlation was obtained with values of R: 0.87 and 0.77 that allowed the taking of ESat values. The histograms presented normal distribution as well as the probability graphs, when applying the cross validation of surfaces, the predictions were correctly evaluated, obtaining 4 maps that showed the behavior of precipitation. It is concluded that the period with the highest rainfall is 2018-2020 (C) and the canton with the greatest variability was Penipe. It is recommended that the institutions in charge of meteorological stations incorporate new meteorological stations at the province, to improve data collection on climatic variables.