Generación de superficies de interpolación de la variable temperatura en la provincia de Chimborazo en periodo (2010- 2020).

Abstract

The objective of the study was to generate interpolation surfaces of the temperature variable in the province of Chimborazo in the period 2010-2020. For the interpolation, geostatistical methods were used, collecting information from three data sources: the Alternative Energy and Environment Group (GEAA), meteorological yearbooks and the agrometeorological station, obtaining data from 30 meteorological stations from different years. With its location, the temperature information was downloaded in the TerraClimate database, an evaluation of the correlation of the observed values and the satellite estimates (ESat) was made using the Pearson and Nash Sutcliffe (NSE) correlation coefficients, with a good correlation coefficient, the missing data was filled in and more points were obtained through stratified random sampling, obtaining a total of 201 through an optimal assignment. The ArcGis software was used with the database, interpolating each year with the Ordinary Kriging (KO) method and the union of the three periods was performed with the raster calculator. In the evaluation of the correlation, an R of 0.96 and 0.881 respectively was obtained as a result, revealing that the observed values and ESat had very close values, the results were where the temperature increased through the periods, obtaining the temperature The lowest (3.25 - 5.39 degrees Celsius) was in the period 2010-2013 in the Guano and Riobamba cantons, the high temperature was present in the Cumanda canton with temperatures up to 24.63 degrees Celsius in the period 2018-2020. It was concluded that the data of the study variable is important, the existence of meteorological stations being necessary, however, there are not a large number of these, therefore, the use of ESat that are provided by global climate models is recommended.