Propuesta de manejo integral de los residuos sólidos orgánicos del mercado municipal de Pallatanga como alternativa para mitigar la contaminación ambiental mediante la elaboración de compost.

Abstract

The Pallatanga municipal market has not had a management plan for organic solid waste, limiting itself only to sweeping and collecting waste, without an adequate system of classification, collection, treatment and final disposal, therefore the objective of this technical work was to elaborate a proposal for the integral management of organic solid waste from the Pallatanga municipal market as an alternative to mitigate environmental contamination through the preparation of compost. The methodology implemented for the collection and quantification of organic solid waste was stratified sampling applied in 30 commercial premises. The organic solid waste was used by making compost, applying the Indore method. To carry out the sampling of the compost, the NTE INEN 220:2013 regulation and the quartering technique were applied. In the laboratory to evaluate the physical, chemical and microbiological parameters of the compost, the INIAP manual number 89 was used. The management plan was developed by collecting information through a survey and field records where the problems of contamination were determined. The total quantification of organic solid waste was 6029.59 kg. After the composting process, 1117.38 kg of sieved compost was obtained. In the physical, chemical and microbiological analysis, it was determined that it complies with the NTE INEN 221: 1997 regulation and the parameters established in the INIAP manual number 89. The proposal was developed in relation to the results obtained, in which the use of the organic solid waste resources was prioritized by making compost. In this context, it is concluded that the market does not carry out an adequate management of organic solid waste, for which the implementation of a comprehensive management plan with strategies that allow mitigating environmental contamination was proposed.