Diseño e implementación de terrazas hortícolas con fines de conservación de suelos en la zona alta de la estación experimental Tunshi.

Abstract

Soils with slopes of the Tunshi experimental station present degradation problems due to different activities that alter the quality, properties and functioning of the soil. The objective of this work was to conserve soils with slopes through the design and implementation of horticultural terraces to maintain soil quality, as well as provide a guide for the construction of terraces. For the design and implementation of the terraces, an edaphic characterization was carried out, with which the place to implement the terraces was identified, later the contour lines were developed with the help of Level A, with which the slopes and level curves were obtained that in total 6 were identified. Later the construction of the terraces was developed, with the help of materials such as the hoe and shovel. Horticultural species were then implemented (Icerberg lettuce, Lactuca sativa, Brassica oleracea var. viridis L, Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. rubra, Beta vulgaris). With all the information collected and the experience acquired in the construction of terraces, a proposal was developed for the design and implementation of horticultural terraces in the upper area of the EETS. As results obtained in the construction of the terraces, which were 5 platforms built throughout the selected area, which required the application of labor and work to remove soil to leave the terraces ready, within the Physicochemical analyzes, results were obtained of a soil own that is in a state of degradation, likewise the proposal for the construction of terraces was presented and in the 5 platforms of the species developed in 95% of the total planted. It was concluded that horticultural terraces are a very effective solution to implement them in rugged terrain to prevent erosion and landslides on sloping soils.