Dimensionamiento e implementación del sistema de dirección y sistema de frenos en un prototipo go kart eléctrico para la carrera de Ingeniería Automotriz

Abstract

The objective of this technical project was the sizing and implementation of the steering system and braking system in an electric go kart prototype at Automotive Engineering career. The systems components were selected under the technical regulation for electric karts, which governs the CIK/FIA, as well as being available and accessible on the market. It began with the theoretical foundation of the steering system and the braking system, becoming familiar with the components that make up these two systems. For the steering system implementation, a mechanical steering was selected, consisting of a steering wheel, steering column, linkage, knuckles and tires. Likewise, the steering column was analyzed applying a torque of 37,74 [Nm], caused by the force that the pilot needs to maneuver the go kart. On the other hand, the safety factor was verified using CAD-CAE software, obtaining a minimum value of 3,83 under the Von Mises criterio. In conclusion the steering system is suitable for its demand on the competition tracks. In the case of the brake system, vehicular dynamics calculations were made to obtain the diameter of the master cylinder of the hydraulic pump and the external diameter of the brake disc, of 19 [mm] and 180 [mm] respectively. Consequently, a static and thermal analysis of the disk was carried out in CAE software, obtaining a maximum value in the deformation of 14,703 [μm] and a maximum temperature of 86,46 [°C], taking into account that the hydraulic pressure in the system is 3,69 [MPa] and the braking force is 1270,40 [N]. In conclusion, the braking system meets the performance, reliability and performance demands to slow down or stop the electric go kart prototype.