Uso de detergente biodegradable más bicarbonato de sodio en el lavado de fibra de alpaca (Vicugna pacos).

Abstract

The objective of this research was to evaluate the use of biodegradable detergent plus salt in grain in the washing of Creole sheep wool from the Bolivar Province. The development of physical-mechanical tests was carried out in the laboratory of agroindustrial fibers of the Faculty of Livestock Sciences of ESPOCH with a duration of 60 days. Descriptive statistics were used for the field samples and for the wool washing a Complete Randomized Design was applied with Tukey's separation of means and Kruskal Wallis test for the non-parametric variables in the following treatments with 4 replications: T0= 0 g grain salt, T1= 50 g grain salt, T2= 100 g grain salt and T3= 150 g grain salt. The variables evaluated for the characterization of the soiled wool by descriptive statistics were physical properties, obtaining the following averages: relative length 6.38 cm, absolute length 8.5 cm, number of curls 8.84 curls/cm and diameter 34.60 µm. In the washed wool, a Complete Randomized Design was used, and physical and sensory properties were evaluated. They were wick length, number of curls, diameter, whiteness intensity, feel and brightness. The results showed no differences between treatments. In the yarn, sensory and mechanical properties were evaluated, such as: intensity of whiteness, touch, brightness, tensile strength, and elongation. These variables showed no differences. The economic analysis showed a higher cost benefit of $1.28 when applying the T3 treatment corresponding to 150 g of salt in grain, so it is concluded that the best numerical results of the sensory properties of the wool were obtained when using 150 g of salt in grain, presenting a high economic profitability among the treatments.