Optimización del proceso de extracción soxhlet de diente de león (Taraxacum officinale) utilizando criterios de diseño de experimentos box-behnken.

Abstract

In Ecuador there is a great variety of medicinal plants that have not been used industrially and one of them is the dandelion plant (Taraxacum officinale). Current research has shown that they have medicinal and food use properties. The study focuses on optimizing the operation parameters in the extraction process by Soxhlet method based on the dried leaves of this plant as raw material. To study the influence of the variables in obtaining the maximum extraction yield, the Box Behnken experimental design is used, where the following factors are considered: extraction time, ethanol concentration, raw material-solvent ratio. Using statistical analysis with the data obtained experimentally, an analysis of variance (ADEVA) was performed, which indicates that the polynomial statistical model is of second order and fits well with a coefficient of determination R2= 74.46. In addition, it was identified that the influence of extraction time is statistically significant in the extraction process. Finally, the optimum conditions in the process were reached as a result of an optimum extraction time of 2h, ethanol concentration 96% (v/v) and a raw material - solvent ratio of 35g/300ml.