Conceptos de biocatálisis de lignocelulosa desde un enfoque de ingeniería de procesos y sistemas: una revisión.

Abstract

Lignocellulosic biomass is recognized as a renewable and abundant raw material on the planet in processing platforms to produce biofuels and/or high value-added biomolecules. This type of integrated production process is called "biorefinery" and is intensively studied because its implementation is still hampered by factors such as energy consumption in the pretreatment stages, the lack of a deep understanding of the synergy of cellulase enzymes, and the difficulty of standardization of conversion processes given the variability of feedstocks and scales of application. Thus, this work proposes a global review of the aforementioned topics associated with the fundamentals of lignocellulose composition and characteristics, as well as examples of important derived molecules for their commercial value. From this perspective, a collection of knowledge necessary for the understanding of biomass processing platforms and the valorization of derived biomolecules is proposed using Process and Systems Engineering tools that allow the identification of sustainable, cost-effective and flexible bio-based technological routes.