Análisis tecno-económico de la conversión de biomasa residual en energía dentro del sector industrial porcino en la Granja “El Chanchito” de la provincia de Chimborazo

Abstract

The main aim was to propose anaerobic digestion for obtaining energy that has been little studied in the swine industry, which has been able to reduce the contamination of rivers near the production plants, as well as the social problems associated with it; it is known that it could also generate self-sustainable electric energy and additional economic income from the sale of organic fertilizer. The ADM1 mathematical model, consisting of 35 differential equations of state, designed in Simulink®, to simulate anaerobic digestion, taking into account parameters such as temperature, pH, and initial concentrations of the residual biomass, based initially on tabulated data for urban wastewater entering the reactor, and later the model was validated with previous research, using specific parameters for swine excreta, and then the process was simulated to obtain biogas in three runs: At 25°C, 35°C and 40°C, it was determined that a temperature of 25°C was more viable, since the result was a biogas composed of approximately 90% methane. Based on these results, a comparison was made with the costs of energy consumed by the farm and it was found that this technology could provide about 40% of the farm's energy demand, in addition to a by-product called Biol, which is a biofertilizer with sales prices of up to $35.00 for a 5-gallon container, which could become economic income for the farm. It was also found that the costs of implementing this technology would be amortized in approximately 3 years and 4 months. And finally a flexible Taiwanese type prefabricated horizontal biodigester with a capacity of 60m3 was proposed.