Aislamiento, purificación y selección de microorganismos de interés agroindustrial a partir de suelos de bosques primarios de la provincia de Chimborazo.

Abstract

This study dealt with the isolation, purification, and selection of microorganisms of agroindustrial interest from primary forest soils in the province of Chimborazo. To carry out the research, the primary forests of Atillo, Palictahua, and Manuelita Chillicay were determined as study areas. Four samples of 20 g were taken from each of the soils prior to authorization of the Ministry of Environment, which made a total of 12 experimental units. Soil characterization was carried out, determining pH according to ISO standard 10390 and organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium according to NTE INEN-ISO 14869-1; acetic and lactic acid bacteria and fungi were also determined according to ISO standard 7218. Finally, the results were modeled based on a completely randomized design and were subjected to analysis of variance tests, separation of means by Duncan's test, and regression and correlation analysis. The essential physicochemical characteristics were: organic matter at 11.90% in Atillo; pH, nitrogen, and phosphorus similar in the three zones; and the highest amount of potassium in Palictahua with 78.2 ppm. A similar number of bacteria in the three zones and a higher amount of yeasts in Palictahua, with 2470000000 colonies forming units per gram of soil. The primary forests studied present variable physicochemical characteristics with significant bacterial and yeast biodiversity. Therefore it was recommended to carry out studies of agroindustrial interest in the zones.