Evaluación de aislados de Trichoderma spp., como promotores de crecimiento vegetal sobre plantas de maíz (Zea mays) en el cantón La Joya de los Sachas.

Abstract

The present investigation consisted in the evaluation on isolate effects of Trichoderma spp (more than one species), as plant growth promoters on maize (Zea mays) plants in the Joya of Sachas canton. A completely randomized design was applied consisting in 10 treatments with three replicates, based on Trichoderma strains from Orellana and Morona Santiago provinces, activated by thawing in oven and applied to semi-selective medium at 27 ºC. Corn seeds were inoculated for one hour with a spore solution of 5mL with a suspension of the fungus (1000000 spores/mL). The seeds were sown in a sterile substrate of sand, black soil and worm humus, placed under a controlled greenhouse regime. The following data were obtained based on a destructive evaluation 60 days after sowing: plant height and diameter, root length, root fresh weight, stems and leaves. For the statistical analysis, the IBM SPSS software (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) was used, performing the analysis of variance and Tukey's test at 5%. As a result, there was no influence of the application of Trichoderma on the variables plant height and diameter, as well as on the fresh weight of leaves and stems, but a greater significant difference was found in the variables: root size for the T3 treatment, with 75 cm, and root fresh weight for the T1, with an average of 44 g. It was concluded on application of Trichoderma improves the root system of maize and it is recommended to compare it with rooting products or chemical biostimulators.