Evaluación de trastornos metabólicos en vacas estabuladas en período de transición en la hacienda San Agustín.

Abstract

The objective of this research was to diagnose rnetabolic disorders in stabled cows, during the transition period in the "San Agustín" State, located in the Pichincha province. For this purpose, the main factors producing ketosis in cows were evaluated, both in clinical and sub-clínical systems, hypocalcemia, bomasum displacement, placental retention and the methods of control to minimize it incidence were also stablished. Additionally, experimental data for the development of the investigation corresponded to the sampling, done during the diagnostic phase, the inductive method was applied, 46 cows of the Holstein and Brown Swiss breeding were studied, which were at a transitional state. Ketosis was determined through the use of reactive stripes in ketonic bodies in the blood sample with the interpretation of an electronic BHB Check Plus, for the diagnosis of hypocalcemia a clinical exam was directed in the field. For the statistical analysis, the obtained results undergone descriptive statistical examination to later be presented in graphics, frequency histograms in which the incidence of metabolic disorders are shown. The obtained results suggested 24 animals with clinical ketosis, which means, 52,17% of ketosis incidence, the sub-clinical incidence was 41,30% with 19 animals diagnosed, 3 animals presented the adequate levels of 6,52%, while 6 cases of hypocalcemia were identified, 1 case of abomasum displacement and 6 cases of placenta retention. As a conclusion it was found that the main incidence factor for the disorders was animal diet that affected directly the animals, therefore it is recommended to provide a diet that offers energy and easy digestion properties.