Análisis de cuatro sustratos y dos tratamientos pre-germinativos para propagación sexual de (balsa) Ochroma pyramidale (Cav ex. Lam.) Urb. en el vivero Foresllana, provincia de Orellana.

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze four types of substrates and two pre-germinative treatments for sexual propagation of balsa (Ochroma pyramidale Cav ex. Lam.) Urb. in the Foresllana forest nursery, Orellana province. For this, a randomized complete block design was used with the substrate factor composed of: black earth (50%) + river sand (25%) + coffee ash (25%), river sand (75%) + husk rice (25%), red soil (20%) + black soil (70%) + coffee ash (10%), and black soil (50%) + sacha inchi husk (50%). As well as the pregerminative treatment factor composed of immersion in coconut water for 24 hours, immersion in distilled water for 12 hours and seeds without pregerminative treatment, in 12 treatments based on the interaction of the factors. These variables were analyzed: percentage of germination at 30 and 45 days after sowing the seeds and the percentage of survival at the end of the study, plant height, stem diameter and number of leaves at 30, 45 and 60 days, this was done based on analysis variance and Tukey tests between treatments and factors. The highest percentage of germination was obtained with treatment T2 with 92.50%, and 100% of survival was obtained in all treatments and T8. The last one presented the best results in height, stem diameter and number of leaves at the end of the study with averages of 7.18 cm, 3.09 mm and 6.16 leaves, respectively. It was concluded that a good substrate and pregerminative treatment helped the propagation and growth of the raft in the province of Orellana. It was recommended to try other pregerminative treatments such as the use of acids.