Sedentarismo, sobrepeso y obesidad como factores de riesgo para desarrollar síndrome de apnea hipoapnea obstructiva del sueño en personas adultas en población ecuatoriana, 2020

Abstract

The present study had as a main objective to relate sedentary lifestyle, overweight and obesity as risk factors for developing obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome in adults in the Ecuadorian population. For the research, adults over 18 years old belonging to 17 provinces of Ecuador were taken as the study population. The non-probabilistic convenience sampling technique was used for the study and different questionnaires were used for data collection: Berlin questionnaire that assesses the risk of suffering from obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome, Epworth sleepiness questionnaire for the study of quality of sleep and the international physical activity questionnaire IPAQ. Among the results, 61.4% were women, 95.2% were mestizos, 47.8% were people who perform high physical activities; 82.4% reside in urban areas. 57.7% of the participants with normal weight predominated. It was found that 10.3% of the surveyed population presents a high risk of suffering from obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. When relating it to the variable of physical activity, it was observed that sedentary people have 17.3% chances of suffering from obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. When relating it to overweight and obesity, 10.85% and 63.6% were found respectively. These differences were statistically significant p <0.05. It was concluded that the risk of suffering from obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome was related to people with sedentary lifestyle, overweight and obesity. It is recommended to carry out more studies with the same characteristics of the surveyed population to assess long-term risks.