Relación entre composición corporal, ingesta alimentaria y ángulo de fase en fisicoculturistas y fitness de la ciudad de Riobamba 2020

Abstract

This study's objective was to relate the body composition, food intake, and phase angle of bodybuilders and fitness practitioners, for which the population sample consisted of subjects who professionally practiced this activity, older than 18 years. The study design applied was descriptive, cross-sectional, and correlational. For obtaining subjective data, a structured survey was used, which helped to measure the study group's food intake. Moreover, for gathering body composition and phase angle data, the InBody model S10 brand multifrequency bioelectric impedance analyzer was used. The calculations to obtain the phase angle are carried out by the analyzer and reflected in its database. For the data analysis, descriptive statistics of all the variables under study were used according to the measurement scale. A bivariate analysis was performed to establish the relationship or association with the effect or result variable (phase angle) to prove the hypothesis. The statistical tests of significance used were: Pearson's correlation coefficient and ANOVA. For the statistical analysis, the statistical program JMP from SAS version 11 was used. The results stated that a total phase angle (8.24 °) was found when stratifying them by sex. A higher PA was found in men (8.73 °) than in women (6.91 °). A direct relationship of phase angle was evidenced with essential values of body composition such as skeletal muscle mass (r2 0.3338), total body water (r2 0.2889), skeletal muscle index (r2 0.6865). Similarly, the results demonstrated an inverse relationship concerning PA / fat mass (r2 0.3122). Regarding food intake, there was not a correlation between intake and phase angle. In conclusion, the phase angle has a close relationship with the body composition, specifically with the skeletal muscle index, fat mass, total body water, and it will be affected or benefited according to the type of activity that a person performs. In contrast, the relationship between phase angle and food intake was utterly null.