Factores sociodemográficos y dietéticos asociados al perfil nutricional en población pediátrica de 2 a 15 años que asisten al Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social del cantón Alausí periodo 2021.

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to know the sociodemographic and dietary factors associated with the nutritional profile in the pediatric population aged 2 to 15 years who attend to Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social in Alausí Canton Period 2021 This is a crosssectional observational epidemiological study of 150 children and adolescents. General data (age, sex, socioeconomic level of the family, level of education of the mother) were obtained, health condition of the child (diarrheal diseases, respiratory diseases, anemia), and anthropometric indicators Height//age, Body Mass Index (BMI//E). Latent class analysis was performed using the SPSS program and MPLUS to create the unobservable variable in the nutritional profile. The results found were: 44% female and 56% male, the age of the children fluctuates between 2 and 15 years, 47.1% of the population has a normal nutritional status, 43.7% are overweight and obese, 6.7% have a delay in height and 3.9% have severe height delay, 1.3% have a risk of thinness, and 26.7% of children have anemia. 20% presented acute diarrheal disease. It was observed that there is a high percentage of sedentary children, represented by 53%. Within the analysis to observe if there is the coexistence of malnutrition according to latent classes, it can be observed that there are two main groups: those children who do not have any alnutrition, represented by 28%, and those children who have some problem of malnutrition. (due to excess,eficit, and hidden hunger) represented by 71.3%. To the associate the dietary factors, and nutritional profile there is no statistically significant relationship (p>0.05), however it is evident that 53.3% of the boys and girls who present some problem of malnutrition has excessive energy consumption.