Factores de riesgo de madres adolescentes y su relación en el estado nutricional de neonatos atendidos en el Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, Cuenca 2021.

Abstract

The objective of this research was to analyze the relationship between the risk factors of adolescent mothers and their relationship with the nutritional status of neonates attended at the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital in 2021. A descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective correlation study was made with the participation of 282 neonates, siblings of adolescent mothers who met the inclusion criteria. The main results indicate that of the total number of neonates studied, 20.6% had a birth weight of less than 2500 grams considering low birth weight; when relating sociodemographic characteristics such as maternal age between 10 and 14 years, not having a stable partner increases the probability of children with low birth weight. With obstetric characteristics, it was determined that a non-optimal number of controls and maternal infections in pregnancy determined statistically significant association (p value < 0.05). Prematurity was found as a risk factor for a neonate to have low birth weight (PR 8.74; 95% CI 5.93 - 12.88) being the main factor in the present study. It is concluded that there is a relationship between the risk factors of pregnant adolescent mothers and the nutritional status of the newborn. Therefore, it is recommended to identify in a timely manner this vulnerable and at-risk population in order to determine in time the factors that affect the neonatal nutritional status and intervene in them, thus improving maternal health and guaranteeing a better neonatal future.