Uso de Trichoderma sp. para el desarrollo y crecimiento de tres especies forestales en el cantón Tena, provincia de Napo.

Abstract

This research aimed to evaluate the effect of Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma longibrachiatum as growth promoters in three forest species: Cedrelinga catenaeformis, Ochroma pyramidale, and Cabralea canjerana. The research was developed in the Tena City, Napo Province. Strains 1 and 2 of T. harzianum were obtained from the soil and a root fraction, respectively, and strains 1 and 2 of T. longibrachiatum were obtained from the soil and from a leaflet. The experimental design used consisted of factorial complete random blocks (DBCA) consisting of 15 treatments with 4 repetitions. A substrate composed of 70% black earth, 25% sand, and 5% organic fertilizer (humus) was used for the balsa forest species, while a substrate composed of 40% agricultural land, 30% black earth, and 30% organic coffee manure in the chuncho and batea Caspi forest species. Three applications of the fungal strains were made at 15, 30 and 45 days in the forest species with a 50 mL measure, as well as distilled water for the control treatment. The variables evaluated were height, diameter, root length, fresh weight, foliar dry weight, root dry weight, and Dickson index. Strain 2 of Trichoderma harzianum registered higher values in fresh weight and foliar dry weight in Cedrelinga catenaeformis, greater root length in Cabralea canjerana. In addition, strain 2 of Trichoderma longibrachiatum recorded higher values in height and diameter at the height of the neck of the Ochroma pyramidale. Strains 2 of both species of Trichoderma presented better effects in the development of forest species. So, it is recommended to use them in forest species for reforestation.