Evaluación de dos sustratos y dos métodos de escarificación en la propagación sexual de Alnus acuminata H.B.K. en el vivero de la ESPOCH, Riobamba, Chimborazo.

Abstract

This study evaluated two types of substrates and two scarification methods in the sexual propagation of Aliso (Alnus acuminata) within the nursery of the Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo (ESPOCH), Riobamba. Two types of substrates S1 (sand 20% + earth 40% + peat 40%), S2 (sand 25% + earth 75%) were used as scarification methods at room temperature for (5, 10 and 15 days) and with acid gibberellic at 270 ppm at three levels of immersion time (12, 24 and 36 hours). The variables to be evaluated were the percentage of germination, plant height and number of true leaves, the data was taken at 30 and 60 days. A completely randomized block design was used using 12 treatments with three replications with a total of 360 experimental units. For the analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the data obtained, the Tukey test at 0.05% was used in the InfoStat software. The results showed that the highest percentage of germinated seeds was in the T3 treatment (23.3%) with the substrate that is composed of 20% sand, 40% peat 40% soil, with scarification at room temperature for 15 days. No significant differences were found between treatments, neither in germination nor in the evaluation of vegetative variables. Application based on sand, earth and peat with gibberellic acid scarification is recommended, as well as scarification with water at room temperature for 15 days to increase plant height at 30 and 60 days and obtain adequate germination.