Estudio de la composición florística del bosque Sarachacaspi de la finca El Esfuerzo, comunidad Esfuerzo II, parroquia El Triunfo, cantón Pastaza, provincia Pastaza.

Abstract

A study of the floristic composition of Sarachacaspi forest was carried out at El Esfuerzo farm, Esfuerzo II community, El Triunfo village, Pastaza province. The research was carried out through a floristic inventory which was performed with the installation of 16 transects in herringbone type for the arboreal and shrub stratum, species were collected from 10 cm DBH. For the herbaceous stratum, 32 quadrants from 1 m2 were evaluated, and they were located at the beginning and end of the herringbone transects. In addition, the botanical material collected was herborized and photographed, and taken to the ESPOCH Herbarium for taxonomic comparison. A total of 67 species were recorded, belonging to 24 orders, 56 genders, and 38 families. The most diverse families in the arboreal stratum are Arecaceae and Fabaceae with 4 species, in the shrub stratum the most diverse family is Piperacea with 3 species and in the herbaceous stratum is Gesneriaceae with 5 species. According to the Importance Value Index (IVI) of the arborealn and shrub stratum, the most significant species was Guatteria hyposericea with 5.21%, and of the herbaceous stratum was Pearcea sprucei with 10.81%. From a total of 67 species identified in this forest, the alpha diversity indexes were calculated, with a value of 8.10 for the Margalef index, indicating a high species richness. Simpson 0.97 shows a high diversity, while the Shannon-Wiener equity index 1.67 means a low diversity. To sum up, the problem of the forest lies in the loss of species due to the advance in agricultural activity, so it is recommended to make use of strategies and plans that contribute to the protection of the different species, seeking their conservation.