Construcción de un Biorreactor para la obtención de micelio infinito del hongo Portobello (Agaricus brunnescens) y Pleurotus ostreatus mediante la Técnica Honey Tek

Abstract

The aim of this study was to construct bioreactors for the obtention of mycelium from Pleurotus ostreatus and Agaricus brunnescens mushrooms using the Honey tek technique. Thus, spore impressions were extracted through the dry chamber method and the sowing was performed in a nutrient broth. Several calculations were used in order to know the biomass yield, biological efficiency and bioactive metabolites present in each mushroom. The construction of the bioreactors was carried out with the application of formulas, from which a 2.5 L culture chamber was dimensioned with a production of 2 L, an internal diameter of 0.06 m and a height of 0.24 m. Pure mycelium from both types of mushrooms was obtained by isolation and purification and it was inoculated into bioreactors containing sterile honey. Then, it was shaken every 5 hours at 120 rpm (revolutions per minute) using a magnetic stirrer and incubated for 285 hours at 28°C in a dark room. Conidia/mL were counted at 3, 6, 9, 9, 12 and 15 days using a Neubauer chamber. For the statistical analysis, Excel software was used to generate temperature tables, pH (hydrogen potential), stirring and mycelial biomass yield graphs, colony forming units, number of formed conidia, mycelial diameter and biological efficiency yield. The best substrates were coffee pulp and sugarcane bagasse with dosages of 20 mL and 15 mL. It is concluded that the mycelium obtained in bioreactors presents higher biomass yield, better mycelium quality and better dispersion on the substrates in a short production time. It is recommended to perform bromatological analysis on fresh mushrooms to confirm the use of bioreactors in the cultivation of edible mushrooms at industrial level.