Elaboración de bocashi a partir de los residuos orgánicos generados en la comunidad “Sexta Cooperativa” de la parroquia Chiguaza, cantón Huamboya, provincia de Morona Santiago

Abstract

This study aims to prepare bokashi from the organic waste collected in the community “Sexta Cooperativa”. First, it was conducted a solid waste characterization by applying the method proposed by the Dr. Kunitoshi Sakurai for 8 days and that allowed to know the waste quantity and composition. At the end of the characterization, there were collected 176.91 kg of solid waste, among which 64.47 kg of organic waste was the most representative; 5,49 kg of plastics, corresponding to the 7.59% of the whole waste collected; the average per capita production collected per inhabitant per day was 0.24 kg. Three compost piles were made, each one based on a different composition described in the bibliography; throughout the process it was monitored the temperature, pH, humidity, airing (manual flips) and electrical conductivity. The process to prepare bokashi lasted 57 days from November to February. During the days 0, 25 and 57 of the process, there were determined macronutrients (N, P and K), phytotoxicity and the microbiological analysis. The highest values of N were found in piles 1 and 3; germination index (GI) as a phytotoxicity test demonstrated that the treatment which presented the highest maturation was in pile 1 (100%); microbiological analysis disclosed the absence of E. Coli and Salmonella in every pile. As regards to the efficiency, pile 1 showed a higher mass reduction than piles 2 and 3. Regarding this kind of fertilizer it is recommended to accurately control airing, due to piles which could present too much high temperatures within a short time.