Diseño de la planta de tratamiento de agua potable para la parroquia La Victoria, cantón Pujilí, provincia de Cotopaxi

Abstract

The aim of this technical project was to design a drinking water treatment plant for La Victoria rural parish, located in Pujilí county, Cotopaxi province. To determine the water state, the water supply was characterized through physical-chemical and microbiological analyses which were carried out at the Quality Control Laboratory of EP-EMAPAA (Empresa Municipal de Agua Potable y Alcantarillado de Ambato). The experimental stage had to do with the design flow in 6.5 L/s and the existing flow was defined to establish the sampling plan, where 3 specific samples were taken. In addition, two treatability tests were carried out, one using the jar test with different aluminum sulfate concentrations to reduce suspended solids and the other using sodium hypochlorite in the chlorination process. The analyses established Arsenic values of 1.25 ug/L, Color 74.66 U Pt-Co, COD 10.50 mg/L, Turbidity 12.38 NTU and Fecal Coliforms 9. 93 nmp/100mL, these values are out of the permissible limits established in the water supply and drinking water standards. Based on these results, a treatment system was designed consisting of an open channel, a Parshall flume, a horizontal flow flocculator, a lamellar settler, a slow sand filter and a chlorination tank, which achieved a performance of 98.6% in treatability tests. Based on the mentioned results, it is concluded that water treatment for human consumption is vital, since it will improve water quality in La Victoria rural parish. It is recommended for the water administration board to implement the treatment system to improve the quality of life of the inhabitants as well as their health and access to basic services.