Formulación de la línea base para el sistema de gestión integral de residuos sólidos no peligrosos del cantón Cumandá, provincia de Chimborazo

Abstract

The aim of the research was to formulate the baseline for the non-hazardous solid waste integrated management system in Cumandá County, through the collection of field trip and bibliographic information. Twenty-eight sampling zones were determined in the urban and rural areas of the county, it was necessary to socialize the study with the population and apply surveys to obtain information on the current solid waste management. In addition, solid waste sampling was carried out according to the methodology proposed by the Pan American Center for Sanitary Engineering and Environmental Sciences, to obtain data that allowed the solid waste Per Capita Production (PPC) calculation, including physical components and properties; and, through the use of the modified Leopold Matrix, the main environmental impacts of current waste management were estimated. Among the main results obtained, it was determined that the PPC of non-hazardous solid waste in Cumandá county is 0.82 kg/inhab*day, 59.49% is organic waste while 40.51% is inorganic, and its loose and compacted density is equal to 279.02 kg/m3 and 449.97 kg/m3 respectively. As for environmental impacts, it was estimated that 27% are positive nature and derived mainly from the development of environmental education programs, while the remaining 73% is negative nature. This results principally from the contamination points and the inadequate separation of waste. It is concluded that this study established important parameters for the development of a new integrated solid waste management system. It is recommended for the municipality of Cumandá to develop a new system for the integrated management of nonhazardous solid waste including the phases determined in the environmental legislation.