Evaluación de la actividad antibacteriana y hemoaglutinante de extractos obtenidos a partir de Juglans neotropica diels

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial and haemagglutinating activity of the extracts obtained from Juglans neotropica Diels. The aqueous and alcoholic extracts of male flowers, bark, leaves and fruit were obtained by maceration, subsequently, phytochemical screening was carried out to determine the secondary metabolites present in each part of the plant species. The alcoholic extracts were concentrated in the rotary evaporator and these in turn were diluted to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the two extracts by the Kirby-Bauer method in 5 bacterial strains Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. The activity of the extracts was compared with a positive control: gentamicin and with negative controls: distilled water and ethanol 98%, and ethanol and 49%. The aqueous extracts were used to evaluate the haemagglutinating activity at different dilutions on a 5% solution of red blood cells from three blood groups O Rh +, A Rh + and B Rh +. For the statistical analysis of haemagglutinating activity, the UNIANOVA model was used, which revealed that there is a significant difference between the extracts at different dilutions. The extracts showed activity against blood groups, with higher potency on O and with lower potency on A RH +. The extract of the bark showed greater activity compared to the extract of the leaves. For antibacterial activity, MANOVA was used, which presented that there is a meaningful difference between the concentrated and diluted extracts applied to each bacterium, noting that the concentrated extract presented greater activity; it was also evidenced that male flowers, fruit and bark obtained means similar to the positive control, presenting a higher inhibitory potency with regard to E. coli and S. aureus and a lower inhibition in P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae.