Evaluación agronómica de variedades de arroz (Oryza sativa) para la identificación del potencial de producción en el cantón La Joya de los Sachas.

Abstract

The objective of this research work was to evaluate the agronomic performance of eleven rice varieties to identify their production potential in the Joya de los Sachas canton, applying the LATTC’s standard rice evaluation system to determine the best variety. It had a qualitative-quantitative orientation, so the genetic materials were compared with commercial varieties, and calculations were made with the database. The research used an inductive method, since at least one treatment may or may not present favorable adaptations to the soil and climatic conditions of the area. The data collection was documentary, field, and laboratory, so that a survey of information was carried out, in addition to collecting data from each of the treatments, which were evaluated in the laboratory. For the agronomic evaluation, an experimental design was used with plots divided into eleven treatments and three replications, focusing on data such as: vegetative vigor, incidence of pests and diseases, plant height, panicle exsertion, panicle per square meter, days to flowering, days to harvest, tipping, grains per panicle, fertility percentage, panicle length, 1000 grain weight, shelled grain length, yield in kg/ha and economic analysis, using the Tukey method at 95% probability for the significance tests. The results determined that T4, T8 and T11 presented better agronomic characteristics for adaptability in the zone. In reference to production, T8 obtained a yield of 8,250 kg/ha compared to 7,956 kg/ha for T4, demonstrating the economic and productive potential of these two varieties. It is advisable to establish crops in different locations in the canton of La Joya de los Sachas to determine the agronomic behavior in the different environments of the locality.