Estudio del microbioma fúngico-bacteriano, edáfico y foliar del cultivo de tomate riñón (Solanum lycopersicum L.) bajo sistemas de producción orgánico y convencional en invernadero.

Abstract

The objective of this research was the taxonomic identification of fungal and bacterial microorganisms present in the edaphic and foliar part of the riñón tomato crop under organic and conventional production systems. The research was based on the extraction of genomic DNA from edaphic and foliar samples of the riñón tomato crop under organic and conventional production systems in the Chimborazo province, Chambo canton. The extraction was performed using a Power soil-Quiagen DNA extraction kit. The sequencing was performed with Illumina-Miseq technology (Argonne-Illinois-USA), the raw sequences obtained were in FASTAQ format, and bioinformatics programs such as Rtudio x64 4.0.5 database were used for DADA2 processing and for the classification of fungi the UNITE database was used, and for the classification of bacteria the SILVA database was used. The analyses obtained were at the phylum, class, order, family, and genus level for fungi and bacteria. For fungi, the Phyla found at leaf and soil level for the two production systems were Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Mortierellomycota. Among the most evident genera were Cladosporium Rhodotorula, Botryotinia, Fusarium. Similarly, for bacteria, the main phylum at the leaf and soil level under the two production systems was Proteobacteria, Crenarchaeota, Bacterodia, and at the genus level were Acinetobacter, Athrobacter, Bacillus, and Sphingomonas. Concluding this study, the most abundant genus at the fungal level was Ascomycota, while at the bacterial level it was Proteobacteria. It is recommended that similar studies be conducted in other locations to compare results and contribute to the data obtained in this study.