Evaluación del uso racional de analgésicos en el servicio de pediatría del Hospital Provincial General Docente Riobamba

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the rational use of analgesics at the pediatric service of the Hospital Provincial General Docente Riobamba. The design used was non-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective, where 285 medical records of pediatric patients who were treated during March-August 2020 were collected, considering both exclusion and inclusion criteria, where a sample of 270 medical records of pediatric patients was obtained. Then, demographic variables such as gender, age, the most prevalent diagnosis in the study period, and the group of most prescribed analgesics were quantified. Finally, the analgesic scheme was correlated with the therapeutic protocol of the Ministerio de Salud Pública del Ecuador (MSP) in order to verify if there was compliance with it. As a result, it was identified that 39.9% corresponded to school-aged patients. The most prevalent conditions were gastrointestinal diseases 36.6%, fractures 23.8%, respiratory tract diseases 20.0%, among others. Among the most prescribed analgesics were paracetamol 32.0%, metamizol 23.7% and ibuprofen 13.4%. In addition, it was determined that 64.9% received treatment with monotherapy used for long-term treatment. Through the study, it was determined that 35.8% of the prescriptions that were issued did not comply with the established protocol of the MSP of Ecuador. Therefore, it is concluded that in the Hospital Provincial General Docente Riobamba there was an irrational use of analgesics. Consequently, it is suggested to encourage the use of therapeutic protocols and implement a correct management of analgesics, promoting the rational use of analgesics in the health entity.