Plan estratégico de seguridad vial para el cantón Guaranda, provincia de Bolívar

Abstract

This research has as a proposal the strategic plan for road safety in the Guaranda canton to determine the factor with the highest accident rate and the causes of traffic accidents. The research was conducted using the Pareto diagram and the Additive Temporal Mathematical Model. The accident points, the observation sheets, and the interviews that supported compliance with the road safety pillars were determined by considering the statistical data on accidents from the National Traffic Agency. These data revealed that the Guaranda canton has a type B management model, lacking Institutional Management in the Traffic Transportation and Road Safety field in its faculties, products, or services. In addition, the road infrastructure of the Guaranda canton concerning its surface course has 68.8% cobblestone with narrow streets; its signage is regular with poor visibility. Regarding the vehicles, it was possible to determine the lack of vehicular technical review despite the canton counts with the infrastructure; it lacks the authorization for its operation, and the safety of road users is scarce in training and road safety information by the different institutions. In addition, the collected data reported the lack of vehicle fleet in ambulances for traffic accidents and a lack of assistance protocol for priority attention. Consequently, the proposed road safety strategic plan will provide a strategy for organizing activities referring to the type B model in the Traffic Transportation and Road Safety field in Guaranda. Another essential factor of this proposal is the road safety audit that will make it possible to identify the current situation of the road infrastructure and maintain control points at the georeferenced points with the highest accident rate. Finally, implementing alternative signage and road safety training in neighborhoods and with communication media and social networks and implementing the traffic accident protocol matrix with the increase in the vehicle fleet for traffic accidents are also essential to provide road safety with planning, regulation, and control through the proposal of a road safety plan with regulations and campaigns.