Caracterización de sistemas productivos en el cultivo de café (Coffea arabica L.) en la población shuar y mestiza del cantón Morona.

Abstract

The application of the systemic approach to agriculture, carried out in recent decades, has led to the adoption of a particular diagnostic method that studies the transformations of rural society and agriculture. Therefore, the present study titled "Characterization of the productive systems in the cultivation of coffee (Coffea arábica L.) in the Shuar and mestizo population of the Morona canton." For this, it was necessary to characterize the coffee production system in the Shuar and mestizo populations of Morona canton. In addition, to evaluate the productive processes in coffee-growing used by the Shuar and mestizo population of the canton and to identify the priority problems to propose alternative solutions in coffee growing. It was used non-experimental research that maintains a mixed approach and bibliographic research. As well as descriptive, for which a survey was applied to 100 coffee growers with parameters that include the demographic aspect, socioeconomic, and crop management from land preparation to harvesting and instruction of coffee growers, with the data collected was used the IBM SPSS statistical analysis system. The results show that most coffee growers have a traditional production system of semi-shade and do not use adequate fertilization or pest control. It was concluded that coffee growers in Morona canton do not have a recommended production system, which causes production losses, crop abandonment, proliferation of pests, poverty, and lack of interest in coffee growing in the new generations. It is recommended to implement training in each parish, manage support from governmental and non-governmental entities, and implement crop associations.