Determinación del periodo crítico del control Arvenses y su interacción con la entomofauna asociada con el cultivo de chocho (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet).

Abstract

The aim of this was to determine the critical period of weed control and interaction with entomofauna associated in the lupini beans crop (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet). The study was based on the management of the weeds along the whole cycle. A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), 10 treatments and 6 replications with weeds and without weeds were used. Some parameters such as: plant height, percentage of plant cover, identification of weed species were evaluated. In addition, a destructive analysis of the lupini beans crop plants was carried out, the percentage of damage in the plants caused by the pest insects, abundance of pest and beneficial insects, identification of all insects, family and in some cases even species, and finally the crop yield was evaluated The results got for the critical time period of weed competition - plant is between 20 days, a total of 11 weed species were identified, predominating the Raphanus raphanistrum species. Regarding the entomofauna associated with the lupini beans crop, both from the soil and the plant, 25 species of insects of the family were registered: Hripidae; Rophalidae, Miridae, Anthomyiidae, Agromyzidae, Elateridae and Noctuidae, Apocrita, Ichneumonidae, Chalcinidae, Apidae, Bronconidae and Halictidae. The presence of the weed species Raphanus raphanistrum attracted beneficial insects that helped reduce the pests of Lupinnus mutabilis Sweet, since these species parasitize on pest insects, especially the larvae of the Lupini beans borer. Finally, it is recommended to carry out agroecological agriculture because it has great benefits existing between the interaction of the crop - weeds - entomofauna.