Dentificación de parásitos gastrointestinales, hepáticos y pulmores en cerdos faenados en el camal municipal de Macas.

Abstract

This study aims to identify the gastrointestinal, hepatic and pulmonary parasites in a butchered hog in the municipal abattoir in Macas. Data were collected (age, gender and race) about a group of 100 hogs; faecal samples from animals; and a post-mortem examination. Laboratory testing was carried out, using the following methods: the float method of parasites qualification, sedimentation and washing to determine the existence of Fasciola hepatica; the Baermann method, to delimit pulmonary parasites; and the McMaster method, to estimate the parasitic load. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed and entered into the Microsoft Excel with means and standard deviations to derive the variable outcome data. As a result, regarding the gastrointestinal parasites, it was obtained 42% of Oesophagostomum spp genus, 3% Strongyloides spp genus, 10% Fasciola spp and 1% Áscaris spp genus. The parasitic load of the Hystrongylus Rubidus was 2279.79 +/- 2363.14 (HPG); about the Metastrongylus Elongatus was 10.64 +/- 48.83 (HPG); the Áscaris Suum was 1.06 +/- 7.29 (HPG) and about the Fasciola Hepática was 86.17 +/- 241.08 (HPG). It was determined that the most relevant parasites from the zoonotic and pathological point of view are the Hystrongylus Rubidus and Fasciola Hepática, as per their greatest incidence rate in butchered hogs and as regards a potential risk to human health. With reference to the postmortem organs condition, there were observed liver damages, as a consequence of the parasitic incidence; besides the intestinal bleeding caused by the gastrointestinal parasites. It is recommended that the health authorities would control more, to guarantee the foodstuff from hogs. It is suggested to prepare a sanitary programme based on mentioned discoveries to improve the parasites control in Morona canton.