Caracterización de los sistemas de producción porcina en las comunidades Santa Rosa y San Ramón, cantón Morona, provincia Morona Santiago.

Abstract

This study aims to characterize the pig production systems in the communities of Santa Rosa and San Ramón, in Morona Canton. It was applied the descriptive statistics as they consist in diagnostic research, and it was determined the factors which take part in the process of characterizing the pig production systems. A survey was conducted to 23 farmers, to obtain information about hog breeds, systems, technical assistance, biosecurity, types of reproduction and number of animals. At first, it was conducted a diagnostic to the local farmers, then, it was created a database about the pig management and at least, a description about how they carried out the breeding of such animals. It was identified the existence of 23 pig farmers, owners of about 209 hogs; 48% of them focused on purchases, fattening and sale and 52% do the whole process. 17% of the farmers receive a technical support, while 83% do not receive professional assistance. With reference to the waste management, 87% of the farmers uses solids as a compost for their farming, but 13% do not, as they don’t have an excreta disposal system. Regarding biosecurity, no farmers manage a proper system. About farmyard characteristics, 83% of the farmers has a cement floor and 100% of them uses a zinc roof; the rest of the material is mainly wood and reinforced concrete (68%). In conclusion, the system that such farmers use is the traditional extensive one, implementing feeding based on local products. It is recommended to apply a semi-extensive system, to improve the production.