Determinación de la prevalencia de tuberculosis bovina mediante la reacción en cadena de polimerasa en el camal municipal de Riobamba.

Abstract

The purpose of this work was to determine the prevalence of Bovine Tuberculosis (TBB) based on the identification of its etiological agent M.bovis, in cattle slaughtered in the Camal Municipal de Riobamba, through the molecular technique Polymerase chain reaction ( PCR) performed in the molecular biology laboratory of the International Center for Zoonoses. The study consisted of taking samples from; lung, mammary tissue, and lymph nodes of 384 bovines, and identify the age, sex and origin of each one of them so that through the Chi-square test (X2) it is determined whether or not there is a significant statistical association between these variables and the presence of TBB. The samples were subjected to microbiological isolation and smear microscopy to identify the presence of Mycobacterium spp. (bacteria of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex) and by PCR to confirm the species M. bovis. The results obtained were; Two samples positive for Mycobacterium spp and the presence of the M. bovis species was confirmed in both, that is, a TBB prevalence was obtained in the Camal Municipal de Riobamba of 0.52% (2/384), the positive cases belonged to the Chimborazo province, Riobamba canton, were female and were in an age range between (24-36) and (50-62) months. However, no significant statistical association was found between the presence of the disease and the mentioned variables. Thus ruling out a possible zoonosis in the study slaughterhouse, however, it is recommended to carry out molecular tests to diagnose the disease in samples of bovines from the same area, to validate this technique as a tool for epidemiological control and surveillance.